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Thursday 22 October 2020

what is memory type of memory and feature of memory

Memory

Memory is storage device it is remembers past and events data like a brain

Memory specifications

The motherboard should support different characteristics of the memory

    1 Number of pins
    2 Memory frequency (FSB)
    3 Single channel or dual channel memory

Number of pins

Each RAM has certain number of pins or connectors using which RAM communication with the processor through RAM Slots

Memory frequency

FSB is means front side bus and is used to describe the data bus the processor FSB and memory must work at the same frequency

Single channel

It is connected one side commonly all kind of memory device are 64 bit device ic 64 wire connecting the memory controller

Dual channel memory

It is connected two sides. It is width than single channel and data bus 64 to 128 bits. It doubles the data transfer rate of memory

There are two type of memory

Volatile memory

The stores data are temporary that is called volatile memory

Non volatile memory

The storage data are permanently is known as non volatile memory

Memory are classified

    Physical memory
    Flash memory
    Cache memory

Physical memory

Physical memory is total amount of memory install in the computer for example if the computer has two 1 GB memory modules installed it has a total is 2GB physical memory

The different type physical memory is

    RAM and ROM

RAM

    RAM Stand for random access memory
    it is volatile and temporary memory and main memory
    it based on semiconductor
    Its turn on store the information but turn off loss the data

RAM is two types SRAM and DRAM

SRAM

    Static random access memory
    Stores data till the power is supplied
    6 transistors for each memory
    Don’t refresh
    Consume more power
    Per bit is costly

DRAM

    Dynamic Random Access Memory
    Par cell one transistor built
    Slow processing
    Required to refresh
    Consume less power
    Store data only for few mills second even when power supplied
    Cost per bit is low

DRAM types are SDRAM, RDRAM, DDR1, DDR2, and DDR3

SDRAM

    Synchronous dynamic random access memory
    It has 168 pin
    It consume 3.3v
    Frequency 100 MHz to 133 MHz
    It has two knotch
    Dual channel memory

RDRAM

    Rambus dynamic random access memory
    It’s has 160 to 184 pins
    It consume 3.3v
    Frequency 300 MHz to 400 MHz
    RIMM based
    Dual channel memory

DDR1

    Double data rate
    It’s has 184 pin
    It’s consume voltage 2.5v
    Frequency 333 MHz to 400 MHz
    DIMM based
    Dual channel
    Signal knotch

DDR2

    It has 240pins
    Frequency 533 /667/800 MHz
    DIMM based
    Dual channel
    Signal knotch
    It consume 1.8v

DDR3

    It has 240 pins
    It’s consume 1.5v
    Frequency 1066/1333/1667/1866mhz
    DIMM based
    Dual channel signal

ROM

    Read only memory
    Non Volatile Memory
    Permanently Memory

ROM type of PROM EPROM EEPROM

PROM

    Programmable Read only Memory
    Built in motherboard
    Only one time program
    Store the motherboard information (BIOS)

EEPROM

    Electrically erasable programmable read only memory
    This type ROM Update program
    Combination of (RAM and ROM)
    It’s built in motherboard like chip form.

Flash memory

Flash memory is known non volatile memory and it is a reprogrammable device or it is fast in reading and writing data. It’s work on chunks or blocks. The content from the flash memory are erased in block and not in byte and block size range 256bytes to 16kb. It is replace hard disk in portable computers.

Cache memory

Cache memory is a small and fast memory and it is known as volatile memory it worked very high speed than system memory and it’s built between main memories to CPU

Packing if memory

The method of connected to memory on motherboard is called package

RIMM

Rum bus inline memory module The RIMM module carries the RDRAM

DIMM

Dual inline memory module The DIMM module carries are DDR DDR2 DDR3

Installing the memory

The installation of RAM depends on the amount of memory required for the processor. Before installing RAM some step 
    Check the capacity of RAM required 1 GB or 2 GB
    Check if installed memory is supported by motherboard and processor
    Form factor of the RAM DIMM or RIMM
    Type of RAM needed e.g. DDR2 or DDR3

Upgrading the Memory

The memory of the system must be upgrade to increase the speed of the system Step the memory upgrading

    Shutdown the computer and disconnect the power cable from SMPS and peripheral device attached
    Remove the system case
    Hold the RAM module by its edge do not touch the chips and connectors of RAM module
    Hold the RAM module perpendicular to the memory socket
    Check the notches of RAM module
    Connect all the peripheral device to the computer
    Put the case back to the computer
    Check switch on the computer

Troubleshooting memory

The bios program does the power on self test (POST) Testing as the system turn on. This testing is done to ensure that system is working properly. If the computer fails to start a long beep is generated. This beep indicates check the BIOS of the motherboard

    1 long beep- show the memory problem
    1 long beep and 2 short beeps – signifies failure of the FRAM parity
    1 Long beep and 3 short beeps- signifies video error
    Continuous beep- signifies failure in memory or video memory

Troubleshooting memory

On switching on the machine three beep tones are heard and then the computer stops or parity error is display on the screen Cause – the problem may occur due to improper insertion of the RAM or due defective RAM

SOLVE THE PROBLEM

    Physically check all the memory modules you have installed for any sign damage
    Check for any loose connection
    If problem is not solve then remove module one b one restart and check if the problem is solved

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