Basic Structure of Bus Topology

Basic Structure of Bus Topology

In bus topology, the server is connected at one end of the backbone cable and the other devices are connected at different positions along the backbone cable known as trunk. Terminator is placed at each end of the cable. It is used to remove unsent data from the cable if the destination device is faulty. Data is sent to all the devices along the cable. As the message arrives at each device, it checks the destination address, encoded in the message. If the address matches, it accepts the data. If the address does not match, the device ignores the data. At a time, only one device can send data. Due to this a number of devices waiting to send data on the bus are more. This results in slowing down the performance of a network. The basic structure of the bus topology is shown in Figure

In Bus topology, the devices are not responsible for data transmission from one device to another. They can only listen to the information sent on a network. If one device fails, it does not affect the entire network. In an active topology, devices regenerate signals and take part in transfer of data; hence if one device fails then the entire network is affected.

Every device on a network shares a common cable. When two machines transmit data at the same time the signals collide. Due to this, the information is destroyed. This process is called Collision. Collision can affect the performance of the network.

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Introduction of topology and type of topology