Computer important question with answer part 3

 21. What is chipset and type of chipset

 A chipset is a set of electronic components on an integrated circuit that manages the transfer of data between the CPU, RAM, storage, and I/O devices. The first chipset, the 82C206, was introduced in 1986 by Chips and Technologies. ... Examples of chipset manufacturers include ALi, AMD, Intel, NVidia, SiS, and VIA.

22. All component name of motherboard

The motherboard is the most important component in the PC. All the component such as RAM stick, hard disk drive, optical drives, processor, processor fan and external card are plugin into motherboard.

23. What is hard disk and type of hard disk

The hard drive of a computer is a device that stores all the software installed on a computer, as well as all the data files created and used by this software. This includes any documents you have created and downloaded, such as photos and music. The hard drive is a form of permanent storage,

There are two general types of hard drives: hard disk drives (HDD), which use one or more rotating discs and rely on magnetic storage, and solid-state drives (SSD), which have no moving mechanical parts, but use flash memory like the kind found in USB flash drives. If you have a regular desktop computer, you most likely have a hard disk drive. Solid-state drives are more typical for high-end, expensive laptops.

24. What is bios and main work of bios?

The BIOS means( Basic Input Output System) is the most important part of a computer. Its main job is

To start Computer Boot Process Start-up i.e. Computer Start, with all these Input / Output

Configuring devices such as Mouse, Keyboard, Scanner, Printer and Computer

Identifies which is an Input Device and which is an Output Device. BIOS Software

EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM) in motherboard is stored on ROM 

25. What is window how many edition in window 7

Window is an operating system and Windows 7  six different editions: Starter, Home Basic, Home Premium, Professional, Enterprise and Ultimate

26. What is NTFS compression and Encryption file

A).Compression, or "data compression," is used to reduce the size of one or more files. When a file is compressed, it takes up less disk space than an uncompressed version and can be transferred to other systems more quickly. Therefore, compression is often used to save disk space and reduce the time needed to transfer files over the Internet.

B).The translation of data into a secret code. Encryption is the most effective way to achieve data security. To read an encrypted file, you must have access to a secret key or password that enables you to decrypt it. Unencrypted data is called plain text ; encrypted data is referred to as cipher text.

27. What is users in computer and how many type of users

This user control computer and run according to itself that is called user and there are three type of user Administrator standard and guest

Administrator have full consolation of computer but standard user some work can do and any setting changement required administrator password and guest minimum work he is not any changement is computer

28. What is IP address and type of IP ADDRESS?

IP address. An Internet Protocol address  is used for communication. An IP address serves two main functions: host or network interface identification and location addressing

An IP address is written in "dotted decimal" notation, which is 4 sets of numbers separated by period each set representing 8-bit number ranging from (0-255). An example of IPv4 address is 216.3.128.12, which is the IP address previously assigned to iplocation.net

The IP addresses are divided into three different types, based on their operational characteristics:

unicast IP addresses – an address of a single interface. The IP addresses of this type are used for one-to-one communication. Unicast IP addresses are used to direct packets to a specific host.

·         picture above you can see that the host wants to communicate with the server. It uses the (unicast) IP address of the server (192.168.0.150) to do so

2. multicast IP addresses – used for one-to-many communication. Multicast messages are sent to IP multicast group addresses. Routers forward copies of the packet out to every interface that has hosts subscribed to that group address. Only the hosts that need to receive the message will process the packets. All other hosts on the LAN will discard them. Here is an example: 

multicast packet destined for 224.0.0.9. This is an RIPv2 packet, and only routers on the network should read it. R2 will receive the packet and read it. All other hosts on the LAN will discard the packet.

3. broadcast IP addresses – used to send data to all possible destinations in the broadcast domain (the one-to-everybody communication). The broadcast address for a network has all host bits on. For example, for the network 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 the broadcast address would be 192.168.0.255. Also, the IP address of all 1’s (255.255.255.255) can be used for local broadcast. Here’s an example:

·         R1 wants to communicate with all hosts on the network and has sent a broadcast packet to the broadcast IP address of 192.168.30.255. All hosts in the same broadcast domain will receive and process the packet.

29. Range of IPv4 classes A,B,C,D,E

30. What is DHCP and what main work of DHCP

DHCP stands for dynamic host configuration protocol and is a network protocol used on IP networks where a DHCP server automatically assigns an IP address